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Jamini Roy
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Born in 1887 in a small village in Beliatore, Bankura district, West Bengal, Jamini Roy joined the Government School of Art, Kolkata in 1903. He began his career by painting in the Post-Impressionist genre of landscapes and portraits, very much in keeping with his training in a British academic system. Yet, by 1925, Roy had begun experimenting along the lines of popular bazaar paintings sold outside the Kalighat temple in Kolkata. By the early...
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Born in 1887 in a small village in Beliatore, Bankura district, West Bengal, Jamini Roy joined the Government School of Art, Kolkata in 1903. He began his career by painting in the Post-Impressionist genre of landscapes and portraits, very much in keeping with his training in a British academic system. Yet, by 1925, Roy had begun experimenting along the lines of popular bazaar paintings sold outside the Kalighat temple in Kolkata. By the early 1930s, Roy made a complete switch to indigenous materials to paint on woven mats, cloth and wood coated with lime. The inspiration for painting on woven mats was the textures he found in Byzantine art, which he had seen in colour photographs. It occurred to him that painting on a woven mat might make for an interesting mosaic-like surface.
The Santhals, a tribal people who live in the rural districts of Bengal, were an important subject for Roy. A series of works done a decade before World War II is a very good example of how he captured the qualities that are a part of native folk painting and recombined them with those of his own. He fused the minimal brush strokes of the Kalighat style with elements of tribal art from Bengal (like that of the terracotta work found in the Bishnupur temple in Bengal, where terracotta was often composed into decorative units - some elaborate in design - over portals and across exterior walls of the temples).
Roy's rejection of the then modern style of painting and his foray into the realm of Bengali folk paintings marked a new beginning in the history of Indian modern art. The mother and child, Radha, and animals were painted in simple two-dimensional forms, with flat color application and an emphasis on the lines. The main subjects were often enclosed within decorative borders with motifs in the background. The figure of the Christ was also a subject that Roy often painted.
Roy held several one-man exhibitions and numerous group shows. His works can be found in several private and public collections, institutions and museums all over the world, including the Lalit Kala Academy in Delhi and museums in Germany and the United States of America.
He was honored with the Padma Bhushan in 1955. Jamini Roy died on 24 April 1972 in Kolkata, where he had lived all his life.
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Born
1887
Died
1972
Education
1903-08 Diploma in Fine Arts, Government School of Arts and Craft, Kolkata
Exhibitions
Selected Posthumous Exhibitions
2015 'Jamini Roy (1887 -...
Selected Posthumous Exhibitions
2015 'Jamini Roy (1887 - 1972): Journey to the Roots', National Gallery of Modern Art (NGMA), New Delhi and Mumbai
2015 Akar Prakar, Kolkata
2013 'Panoplism', Nature Morte, New Delhi
2013 'The Naked and the Nude: The Body in Indian Modern Art', Delhi Art Gallery, New Delhi
2012 'Gallery Collection', Vadehra Art Gallery, New Delhi
2012 'Contemporary: A Selection of Modern and Contemporary Art', prsented by Sakshi Gallery at The Park, Chennai
2011-12 'The Body Unbound', Rubin Museum of Art, New York
2011 'Ethos V: Indian Art Through the Lens of History (1900 to 1980), Indigo Blue Art, Singapore
2011 ‘Manifestations VI', Delhi Art Gallery, New Delhi
2011 'States of Departure: Progressives to Present Day', Aicon Gallery, London
2011 ‘Manifestations V', Delhi Art Gallery, New Delhi
2011 'Masterclass', Dhoomimal Art Gallery, New Delhi
2011 'Time Unfolded', Kiran Nadar Museum of Art (KNMA), New Delhi
2011 'The Fish Eyed Cosmos', Apparao Galleries, Chennai
2011 'Roots in the Air, Branches Below: Modern & Contemporary Art from India', San Jose Museum of Art, San Jose
2011 'The Emergence of Indian Modern Art', Aicon Gallery, London
2010 'Modern Folk: The Folk Art Roots of the Modernist Avant-Garde', Aicon Gallery, New York
2010 'Manifestations IV', Delhi Art Gallery, New Delhi
2010 'Celebration 2010', Annual Exhibition, Kumar Art Gallery, New Delhi
2009 'Indian Art After Independence: Selected Works from the Collections of Virginia & Ravi Akhoury and Shelley & Donald Rubin', Emily Lowe Gallery, Hempstead
2009 'In Search of the Vernacular', Aicon Gallery, New York
2009 'Kalpana: Figurative Art in India', presented by The Indian Council for Cultural Relations (ICCR) at Aicon Gallery, London; The Indian Council for Cultural Relations (ICCR)
2009 'Moderns and More', Aicon Gallery, Palo Alto
2008 'Multiple Modernities: India, 1905-2005', Philadelphia Museum of Art, USA
2008 'Post Independence Masters', Aicon Gallery, New York
2005 ‘Manifestations III – 100 Artists of Contemporary Art’, organized by Delhi Art Gallery at Nehru Centre, Mumbai, Lalit Kala Akademi, Rabindra Bhavan, New Delhi and Delhi Art Gallery, New Delhi
2004 ‘Manifestations II – 100 Artists of Contemporary Art’, organized by Delhi Art Gallery at Jehangir Art Gallery, Mumbai and Delhi Art Gallery, New Delhi
2003 ‘Manifestations I – Indian Art in the 20th Century’, organized by Delhi Art Gallery at World Trade Centre, Mumbai and Delhi Art Gallery, New Delhi
2003 ‘Exhibition of Works of Jamini Roy’, Lalit Kala Akademi, New Delhi
2003 ‘Poetry and Patriotic Fervor’, Delhi Art Gallery, New Delhi
2003 ‘Indian Art Pre-Independence’, Delhi Art Gallery, New Delhi
2000 ‘Face Off 1900-1980s. An Exhibition of Indian Old Masters and Moderns’, Delhi Art Gallery, New Delhi
2000 ‘Art of Bengal : Past and Present 1850-2000’, Centre for International Modern Art (CIMA), Kolkata
1998 ‘Temperas and Sketches’, Art Bazar, Kolkata
1998 ‘The Simplicity of a Pioneer’, The Window, Mumbai
1997-98 Jamini Roy: Bengali Artist of Modern India, Samuel P. Harn Museum of Art, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
1997 ‘Art of Bengal 1850-1950 : Calcutta Metropolitan Festival of Art’, Birla Academy of Art and Culture, Kolkata
1995 ‘From Seeds to Flowers – Jamini Roy and His Roots’, Romain Rolland Galerie, Alliance Francaise, New Delhi
1990 ‘Centenary Exhibition’, Cymroza Art Gallery, Mumbai
1987 ‘Centenary Exhibition’, National Gallery of Modern Art (NGMA), New Delhi
1987 ‘Centenary Exhibition’, Birla Academy of Art and Culture, Kolkata
Selected Solo Exhibitions
1953 New York
1946 Exhibition inaugurated by E.M. Forest, Burlington Gallery, London
1938 British Indian Street, Kolkata
1937 Samavaya Mansions, Kolkata
1929 Government School of Arts and Craft, Kolkata
Honours and Awards
1967 Awarded honorary D. Litt., Rabindra Bharati University, Kolkata
1956 Elected Fellow, Lalit Kala Akademi, New Delhi
1955 Awarded Padma Bhushan, Government of India
1935 Awarded Viceroys Gold Medal for ‘Mother Helping the Child to Cross the Pool’.
1967 Awarded honorary D. Litt., Rabindra Bharati University, Kolkata
1956 Elected Fellow, Lalit Kala Akademi, New Delhi
1955 Awarded Padma Bhushan, Government of India
1935 Awarded Viceroys Gold Medal for ‘Mother Helping the Child to Cross the Pool’.
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